Road users were handed out speeding tickets totalling €323m last year, according to justice ministry figures. Speed limits on Dutch roads can range from 130 kph to 30 kph.

Some 3.4 million drivers were caught driving too fast by static cameras, while 1.9 million people were caught by average speed checks that monitor vehicles over a longer distance.

The busiest static camera was on the Maasboulevard in Rotterdam, where more than 70,000 motorists were flashed for speeding, generating €3.9m in fines. The most lucrative of the 22 average speed checks was on the A2 between Utrecht and Amsterdam, where drivers were fined a total of €36m.

The justice ministry said in February that police handed out almost eight million tickets last year, down over 300,000 on 2014.