Beef, coffee and chocolate were among the products that kept inflation in the Netherlands 2025, according to a detailed analysis by statistics agency CBS.

The headline rate of inflation was 3.3%, the same level as in 2024 and well above the Eurozone average of 2.1%. It is the fourth year in a row that Dutch inflation has been above the target figure of 2%, reaching a peak of 10% in 2022.

The price of beef increased by 23% last year, while coffee, cocoa and chocolate were all up by more than 18%.

Household rent rises were also above inflation at 5.1% and steeper than in 2024, when they increased by 3.7%.

Prices for many other products increased marginally or declined. Airline tickets were 7.2% cheaper, despite an increase in air passenger tax and airport charges, while overall transport costs were up by 0.16%.

The cost of a litre of petrol was down by 2.4% by the end of the year, but went up by 5.6 cents on January 1 as tax relief brought in in the wake of the invasion of Ukraine in 2022 was scaled back. Diesel prices have gone up by 3.6 cents for the same reason.

Alcohol and tobacco were slightly more expensive, by a factor of 0.29%, while the cost of food and non-alcoholic drinks went up by 0.4%.