The Dutch economy expanded by 0.4% in the third quarter of 2025 compared with the previous quarter, according to the first estimate from national statistics agency CBS.

Growth was slightly higher than in the previous two quarters, which both recorded 0.3% gains, taking the year-on-year increase to 1.6%, the CBS said.

Exports of goods and services rose by 0.8% on the quarter, led by increased trade in petroleum products, plastics, metals and machinery. Imports grew by just 0.2%, resulting in a wider trade surplus.

CBS chief economist Piet Hein van Mulligen said the growth was largely due to increased government spending on defence and healthcare, as well as stronger exports. Households also spent more on energy, travel and clothing.

Investments fell, particularly in the transport and construction industries.